Examples of Determining if a Theory has Merit

The criteria corresponding to the numbers below are given on the previous page.

The Patterson Cell (Park, p. 11-12)

In this example some beads were coated with metals, placed in water, and a current was applied. According to the proposer, this resulted in 200 times more energy coming out than goes in.
CriteriaCondition
Met?
Rationale for the Patterson Cell Theory
#1no There is no fundamental theory and a lot of questions.
#2no Conservation of Energy seems to be violated.
#3no This theory has no way of explaining what happens.
#4yes Not sure on this one. Will give the benefit of the doubt.
#5no This person is known for outlandish ideas.
#6no Other, well-known scientists would not collaborate. Those who did where somewhat suspicious.
#7 - Apparently no math was used.
#8no Appears to be a money making proposition.

This theory would not have merit as a scientific theory.

A meteorite caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. (Ehrlich, pages 103-110)

This theory proposes that the dinosaurs were killed by the effects of a meteorite.
CriteriaCondition
Met?
Rationale for Meteorite Theory
#1yes The theory is not complicated and has no inconsistencies
#2yes No fundamental principles are violated.
#3yes This theory is consistent with the initial observation.
#4yes The theory applies to the area of investigation and does not go far beyond.
#5yes A competent, well-known researcher put forward the theory.
#6yes The proposer was aware of other theories and disclosed all methods.
#7yes The math used is appropriate.
#8yes No outside agenda is known.

This theory would have merit as a scientific theory.